Store bought tapioca pearls can be tricky to cook. That’s why I’ll show you how to make boba from scratch at home for homemade bubble tea. It doesn’t take long to prepare them, and they’re so much better than dried tapioca pearls found in stores.
In the middle of the summer heat, you may have noticed that I haven’t been posting as often lately. In part it’s due to my new philosophy of blogging. In part it’s due to having my son home for the summer, and him wanting to play with me most of the day. (I can’t be complaining about having to play in the pool and cuddle up with a sweet, adorable little 5 year old, can I?)
Mostly, though, it’s due to me not being completely caught up from my trip to the US a few weeks back. Amidst the fiestas here in my town, lots of birthday parties and being a full time mommy, it’s taking me longer than I expected to get back into the swing of things.
The first week of our adventures in the US, we stayed at my dad’s house in Connecticut, not too far away from good old New York, New York.
Most of that week was pretty relaxed, but we did manage to throw in a fun day of exploring NYC which included a delicious meal in Chinatown. I had been to NYC as a kid, but don’t remember ever visiting Chinatown, so it was a new, fun adventure for me. I loved marveling at the Asian style architecture of normally American styled places like Starbucks, and if I hadn’t been trying to travel lightly while walking the city, I probably would have bought a few kilos of Asian fruits like lychees, mangosteen, dragon fruits… all of the fun fruits that I can rarely (if ever) find here in Spain.
Another delicacy that I wasn’t able to try was boba bubble tea.
After our meal, I eyed the bubble tea for sale at the shop across the street, and hinted at perhaps going over to get some dessert. Normally I don’t go for buying specialty teas and coffees outside the house because I know they’ll be sugar-laden and definitely not paleo. 😉 How often am I going to get the chance to try bubble tea made in Chinatown Manhattan, though, right?
Unfortunately, everybody else was full, except for my boring practical husband who had no interest in trying something as absurd as bubble tea, so in the interest of not drinking alone, I decided to pass and never got to try bubble tea before heading on towards Times Square and Central Park.
Fast forward a few weeks, and I was hanging out at the Asian store here in Spain, browsing all the fun, unusual treats the shop had to offer, and I saw tapioca pearls for sale. I couldn’t help but buy some to make boba at home so that I could try to make homemade bubble tea.
The problem with store bought tapioca pearls
Unfortunately, despite having watched numerous videos and reading numerous blogs about how to cook the darn things, I couldn’t get the store bought boba to cook right!
After some research, I’ve found that it’s probably because the people who have the most success with store bought boba use tapioca pearls that have been sealed in shrink wrap and that need to be stored in the fridge and used up within a week once opened. I’m guessing those are packaged without being completely dehydrated, making their reconstitution easier later on. I have only been able to find the fully dried tapioca pearls here, though.
I tried everything from…
pre-soaking the pearls… which ended in a tapioca starch water and powdery mess…
bringing the water to a boil with the boba tapioca pearls already in the pan… which ended up with a gluey mess and no pearls to be seen…
boiling the water and then adding the boba…which, despite boiling for over an hour ended up with rubbery, transparent balls with an opaque, raw, hard, tapioca flour center. Yuck!
The only thing that sort of worked was to boil for very long periods, followed by very long periods of cooling, usually followed by boiling and cooling again at least once more. Even the boba that almost cooked all the way through (see the picture below) weren’t very appealing, and I decided to give up on making homemade bubble tea!
Or did I?
The tapioca pearls that I bought showed only 2 ingredients: tapioca starch and water.
Making tapioca pearls/boba from scratch
Making boba from scratch can’t be that difficult, right?
I thought about how I used to always make pasta from scratch. People used to think I was crazy when they heard that I always made my own pasta from scratch.
Doesn’t that take forever?
Well, actually, no!
Apart from the clean up, it took me about the same amount of time to make homemade pasta as it did for me to boil the store bought stuff. Plus, mine was just so much better and fully customizable!
Why is homemade pasta and boba so quick to make?
Faster cooking time
Because store bought pasta has been dehydrated so that it will keep for longer. Boiling it to cook it takes much longer than cooking the pasta that you have freshly made.
I no longer make homemade pasta very often; not because it takes too long, or because it’s not great, but because most of the time I have completely eliminated gluten from my diet. I have tried coming up with gluten free and grain free pasta recipes, but so far the closest I’ve come to a paleo pasta is the dough I used in my paleo dim sum recipe. (It actually tastes very similar to pasta, and has a similar texture once cooked, it’s just a lot more delicate to work with so it’s not as practical for making something like spaghetti.)
My logic, though, was that homemade boba tapioca pearls would cook similarly. Because they are fresh and haven’t been dehydrated, they would cook up almost immediately.
And I was right!
It took me less time to make boba tapioca pearls from scratch than it did for me to try to cook the store bought boba!
Seriously!
It’s super quick and easy to make, and it’s actually even kind of fun.
Plus it uses only 2 ingredients, tapioca starch and water, so it’s gluten free, grain free, and, thus, arguably paleo. 🙂
After me having thrown out some of his dried up, unusable playdough, my son was only too happy to help make little tapioca pearls too. Win-win!
(I may or may not have actually used his.) 😉
Wow, I’m chatty today…
Let’s get to it!
Video
Boba, aka. Tapioca Pearls, From Scratch
Instructions
- Boil the water.
- Add the tapioca starch to a bowl, followed by the boiling water. I work the water in little by little in case it isn’t all needed. Kneading with your hands is the best way to incorporate the water and make a non-sticky dough. Be careful not to burn yourself, though.
- Once you have a workable dough, the easiest way to make tapioca pearls is to roll the dough into long snakes of dough, cut them into small pieces and roll them into tiny balls.
- To cook your homemade boba, boil at least twice as much water as the volume of tapioca pearls that you are going to cook.
- Add your homemade boba to the boiling water. The boba should float to the top. When that happens, turn the heat down to medium
- You’ll notice that the boba begin to cook and get their chewy texture almost immediately. At any point after a couple of minutes, you can use the boba and they will be better than the dehydrated store bought pearls. I later found, though, that if you keep simmering until they fall back to the bottom of the pan, and then remove them, they will be more transparent once removed and allowed to steep in honey for a few minutes. (They will still be pretty opaque when you remove them from the water, but they start to become translucent once removed from the boiling water and stored in honey.)
- Remove the boba from hot water with a slotted spoon, and transfer them to a bowl with some honey. The honey will help preserve them until you are ready to use them, slightly sweeten them, and keep them from sticking to each other.
- Add them to your tea! I’ve found that they have the best texture when warm, so if you want cold bubble tea, it’s best to add them first to your glass while they are warm, and pour the cold tea over top, serving immediately!
- Enjoy!
Can you store homemade boba tapioca pearls for later?
I’ve been experimenting with different ways to store them.
Can you let them dry out and then use them later?
Yes, but you end up with the same sort of problem that can be had with store bought dehydrated tapioca pearls. It takes a lot longer to cook them, and you may end up with opaque, raw tapioca flour centers.
Can you freeze the cooked boba?
You can, but they will get opaque and hard. I found that out the hard way when I thought it was a good idea to make popsicles with boba! Some people swear that boba popsicles are great, but I can’t imagine how! I found the frozen boba to be unpalatable and hard. No more boba tea popsicles for me! (I did find one blog post that said that you had to use mini pearls in popsicles for them to stay chewy, but I found the frozen boba to be so gross that I probably won’t be giving it a try!)
If you boil them again, they will warm up and turn translucent again. The texture will come closer to the original chewy texture, but I didn’t find them to be as pleasant as the ones made from scratch and served immediately.
Can you freeze the tapioca pearl dough and form the boba later?
Freezing the dough works pretty well, but the dough can get a bit crumblier and harder to work with once it thaws than when it was freshly made. The cooked boba made from frozen dough seemed pretty much identical to the boba made fresh, so if you get sick of making boba in the middle of the process, freezing the excess dough is definitely an option. I wouldn’t personally make a big batch just to freeze it, though, as it is easy enough to make when needed, and the fresh dough is easier to work with.
Can you freeze the formed, uncooked tapioca pearls?
Yes, and I’ve found that to be the best way to make boba ahead of time and store them for later. They may not turn out exactly like the ones made from scratch, but they are pretty close.
I boil them right from frozen, and boil them a little bit longer than I normally do with freshly made tapioca pearls.
Can you color and flavor homemade boba?
So far, I’ve only tried adding in a pinch of salt and some honey to my homemade boba. They turned out well, and may have been slightly sweeter than the ones that are only soaked in honey, but I didn’t really notice much of a difference in the final outcome. The flavor didn’t really change too much.
A lot of people have asked me about how to make black boba.
So, I began to research the topic. At first, I was pretty sure that the black boba just added food coloring to the boba. That’s probably still the case with most inexpensive black boba for sale. (As you probably know by now, I’m not big about adding colorants to my homemade food, so I haven’t tried using food coloring yet.)
That said, other commenters have brought other theories…
Black sugar
Some people have told me that the difference is that the black boba use dark sugar. There is even a type of Asian sugar called “black sugar” that many have claimed is used in black boba. That said, I’m still of the belief that no matter how much dark sugar was added to the boba, it wouldn’t be enough to make them black!
They may use black sugar in the boba, but it it likely supplemented with some other colorant to make them the deep shade of black that you’re used to seeing in shops.
What does seem more plausible, is another theory offered by readers…
Activated Charcoal
It has been brought to my attention that sometimes activated charcoal is used. One reader saw a video on Facebook showing how activated charcoal was used to make black boba from scratch at a café.
Other colors…
I’ll probably try adding things like matcha or substituting the water with fruit juices in some of my next batches, and I’ll try to keep you updated on the outcome.
I’d love to hear what combinations you come up with!
Krystal
Hi there! I tried out your recipe and it turned out great! I have some leftovers and stored then in the freezer. Today i tried making black sugar pearls by boiling the cooked pearls in a brown sugar syrup instead of boiling water. However the pearls looked cracked and non translucent, though they retained their round shape. Do you think I should have boiled them in normal water first before adding the brown sugar? Appreciate any advice! Thanks!
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Krystal,
To be honest, I don’t know. I’ve never tried boiling in a sugar water. (Some people say they tried it and it worked well, though.)
I’m not sure if that was your issue or if something else happened.
Naiomi
Hi I recently came across this recipe and was wondering if i could make chocolate boba pearls in place of honey boba pearls?
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Naiomi,
I haven’t tried with cocoa powder, but you can definitely add some ingredients to your boba. Did you see my post for making black boba and other colors? By adding things like turmeric and matcha, the color of the boba changed (and it did add a bit of flavor).
Xiani
There’s a huge trend in California and that’s Boba popsicles. There’s a specific brand that makes a really good one. I tried it and the boba remained super soft. When I read the ingredients, it looked like the boba was made from rice flour so it was more like mochi, which never freezes.
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Xiani,
That’s really interesting and makes a lot of sense!
I tried making a boba popsicle with store-bought boba and had the same problem. I couldn’t figure out how boba popsicles could ever be good.< Now you've inspired me to give them a try.
Ash
I made these and they were good fresh but I left them in the fridge over night , which gave a really hard rubbery texture when I used them the next day. How do you normally store these?
Tracy Ariza, DDS
When cold, they will get hard. If stored covered in honey and then a lid, and then reheated, they should soften up again.
Jessica
Yay! Used this recipe to make jasmine green milk tea boba, turned out great! Thanks 🙂
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Jessica,
I’m so happy to hear it!
Did you know you can make green boba with matcha powder too?
I had lots of fun with coloring them.
(I was actually playing with colors again yesterday as my son and I made up a batch of naturally colored marshmallow peeps for Easter.) 😉
Joshulyn
I can’t wait to try this. My daughter is literally begging me to buy tapioca pearls right now. Glad I didn’t order them.
Sadie Maciosek
Hiya, I was wondering if this would work with minute tapioca and cornstarch instead of tapioca starch. I can’t leave my house at the moment and I don’t have anything except that. I’ve been wanting to try this for a long time and I just got a chance to. Thanks!
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Sadie,
I’m afraid I’m not familiar with that product and don’t know what or how it would work. I wouldn’t expect something with cornstarch to give a similar result, though.
Vivian
Hi! I’m beyond thrilled to see someone experimenting with boba and putting a fun/healthy [turmeric] twist on it.
I was wondering if you think a blend of tapioca starch + cassava (or) arrowroot would be a similar and viable alternative to traditional boba? I’m looking to try this out sometime soon but am not too familiar. Please let me know your thoughts! I am so curious if it’s possible to make boba “healthier” or less empty carbs.
Vivian
Disregard my previous comment. I’m reading the ones below me which answered my question! Sorry!
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Vivian,
Thanks! Did you see the colored boba I later made?
I was amazed by how bright the natural colorants ended up being!
I haven’t tried adding other flours to them, so I’m not really sure about those combinations. I know what you mean about the empty carbs- which is why I just keep this as more of a treat.
I think a few were going to try with the full cassava flour, but I’m not sure how that ended up working for them. It may work, but may also change the texture.
Arrowroot is very difficult to find here in Spain, so I don’t really ever use it. (So, of course, I have absolutely no idea how it works.)
I guess it’s all about experimentation.
It’s relatively quick and easy to do a small batch, so it shouldn’t be hard to test it out. I’d definitely suggest making it as written first, though, to get a feel for how the process works. (You need the water to be hot for the starch to get elastic enough to make a nice dough, etc.)
If you find something that works, I’d love to hear about it.
I’m constantly updating posts with new information from readers (or from further experimentation on my part).
Linh To
Hi I tried using cassava starch/flour to substitute for tapioca starch and it worked wonders. However I added just a tiny bit of water to form the dough more easily without having to add too much coating flour
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Wow, really?
Glad to hear it.
I was actually considering trying it this week.
Cadence
I have heard that a substitute to tapioca powder is rice flower.
Sarah
This was so much fun to try and make…they came out looking beautiful, but tasteless and too chewy. Any thoughts?
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Sarah,
Perhaps, make them smaller and soak them longer in a sugar syrup.
Ellie
Hi! I made this recipe with my brother for fun the other day, they turned out great! My only problem is the flavor of them. We soaked them in honey and brown sugar syrup after, but they still didn’t quite taste like the boba that we get in the shop, they taste like the smell of tapioca flour if that makes sense. Other than that, this was so fun and easy to do! We’re making another batch today!
Mary
Can I use these pearls to make tapioca pudding?
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Mary,
I suppose you could. They would be kind of big, though, unless you can think of a good way to make smaller pearls quickly and easily.
Chloe
Hi I am trying out the recipe and my dough is an oobleck consistency and I can’t use it to mould and stretch and I am wondering if I am doing something wrong.
Thanks!
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Chloe,
If it’s not coming together like a dough, it’s likely because the water wasn’t hot enough. The hot water will somewhat “cook” the starch which gives it a somewhat rubbery texture. That’s what helps hold it together and make it workable like a dough.
If you were using boiling water, it could be an issue with the type of tapioca you are using. It should be the “starch”- which is often called tapioca starch or flour. I haven’t tried with the full flour that has both the fiber and the starch of the tuber. I’m not sure what would happen with that. (It’s usually called cassava flour, but there is a chance that some tapioca “flours” may be made that way.
Gaby
I tried making the pearls for the first time yesterday, but I used cassava flour instead of the tapioca because I did not find tapioca starch in the store. I was able to mold it and make the little rolled up balls with room temperature water. It required more water than the recipe I had seen. I also added purple food coloring to the mix to give them some color. I boiled them for 20 minutes. The consistency was almost there, but definitely not the taste. It tasted a lot like yuca. I think that it has to be tapioca and not cassava. I used to think they were the same, but I see they are different. I ordered the tapioca starch you linked (to not leave my house) and I’m going to test it out again.
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Gaby,
Yes, cassava flour is usually the full flour of the yuca plant. They take it, dry it, and pulverize it.
Tapioca starch or flour is usually the starch component only, without the fiber from the tuber.
I haven’t tried with cassava flour, but it makes sense that it would be different.
I hope it goes well for you with the tapioca starch!
Anna
Oh dear, I am in the same boat as you! I made these last summer in the US with my sister and they worked PERFECTLY with tapioca starch. But now I am back in Switzerland and I only have cassava flour … I’m considering trying it just to see what it will be like. I do have a little tapioca starch but it is a special modified kind that is for my bread-baking, and since I can only get it in the US I’m not too keen on using it for boba. I guess next time I’m abroad (after all this coronavirus is over of course!) I’ll have to bring back some tapioca starch.
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Hi Anna,
That’s interesting. I can find both types here in Spain now (finally), but when I first got here, I could only find tapioca starch. It’s sold in the international type shops- like Asian stores and Latin American stores. I’ve seen it for sale in a fruit and veggie market type stores with Middle Eastern owners. They sell a few other international type foods in the back. I can also order it online from many stores here in Spain.
I’d be surprised if it wouldn’t be available anywhere in Switzerland. It’s just finding the right places, maybe?
I am curious to know if it works with cassava flour, though. I haven’t gotten around to trying that yet!
Chloe
Thanks! It is working now because my water wasn’t hot enough earlier.
Tracy Ariza, DDS
Yay! I’m happy to hear it worked!