Store bought tapioca pearls can be tricky to cook. That’s why I’ll show you how to make boba from scratch at home for homemade bubble tea. It doesn’t take long to prepare them, and they’re so much better than dried tapioca pearls found in stores.
In the middle of the summer heat, you may have noticed that I haven’t been posting as often lately. In part it’s due to my new philosophy of blogging. In part it’s due to having my son home for the summer, and him wanting to play with me most of the day. (I can’t be complaining about having to play in the pool and cuddle up with a sweet, adorable little 5 year old, can I?)
Mostly, though, it’s due to me not being completely caught up from my trip to the US a few weeks back. Amidst the fiestas here in my town, lots of birthday parties and being a full time mommy, it’s taking me longer than I expected to get back into the swing of things.
The first week of our adventures in the US, we stayed at my dad’s house in Connecticut, not too far away from good old New York, New York.
Most of that week was pretty relaxed, but we did manage to throw in a fun day of exploring NYC which included a delicious meal in Chinatown. I had been to NYC as a kid, but don’t remember ever visiting Chinatown, so it was a new, fun adventure for me. I loved marveling at the Asian style architecture of normally American styled places like Starbucks, and if I hadn’t been trying to travel lightly while walking the city, I probably would have bought a few kilos of Asian fruits like lychees, mangosteen, dragon fruits… all of the fun fruits that I can rarely (if ever) find here in Spain.
Another delicacy that I wasn’t able to try was boba bubble tea.
After our meal, I eyed the bubble tea for sale at the shop across the street, and hinted at perhaps going over to get some dessert. Normally I don’t go for buying specialty teas and coffees outside the house because I know they’ll be sugar-laden and definitely not paleo. 😉 How often am I going to get the chance to try bubble tea made in Chinatown Manhattan, though, right?
Unfortunately, everybody else was full, except for my boring practical husband who had no interest in trying something as absurd as bubble tea, so in the interest of not drinking alone, I decided to pass and never got to try bubble tea before heading on towards Times Square and Central Park.
Fast forward a few weeks, and I was hanging out at the Asian store here in Spain, browsing all the fun, unusual treats the shop had to offer, and I saw tapioca pearls for sale. I couldn’t help but buy some to make boba at home so that I could try to make homemade bubble tea.
The problem with store bought tapioca pearls
Unfortunately, despite having watched numerous videos and reading numerous blogs about how to cook the darn things, I couldn’t get the store bought boba to cook right!
After some research, I’ve found that it’s probably because the people who have the most success with store bought boba use tapioca pearls that have been sealed in shrink wrap and that need to be stored in the fridge and used up within a week once opened. I’m guessing those are packaged without being completely dehydrated, making their reconstitution easier later on. I have only been able to find the fully dried tapioca pearls here, though.
I tried everything from…
pre-soaking the pearls… which ended in a tapioca starch water and powdery mess…
bringing the water to a boil with the boba tapioca pearls already in the pan… which ended up with a gluey mess and no pearls to be seen…
boiling the water and then adding the boba…which, despite boiling for over an hour ended up with rubbery, transparent balls with an opaque, raw, hard, tapioca flour center. Yuck!
The only thing that sort of worked was to boil for very long periods, followed by very long periods of cooling, usually followed by boiling and cooling again at least once more. Even the boba that almost cooked all the way through (see the picture below) weren’t very appealing, and I decided to give up on making homemade bubble tea!
Or did I?
The tapioca pearls that I bought showed only 2 ingredients: tapioca starch and water.
Making tapioca pearls/boba from scratch
Making boba from scratch can’t be that difficult, right?
I thought about how I used to always make pasta from scratch. People used to think I was crazy when they heard that I always made my own pasta from scratch.
Doesn’t that take forever?
Well, actually, no!
Apart from the clean up, it took me about the same amount of time to make homemade pasta as it did for me to boil the store bought stuff. Plus, mine was just so much better and fully customizable!
Why is homemade pasta and boba so quick to make?
Faster cooking time
Because store bought pasta has been dehydrated so that it will keep for longer. Boiling it to cook it takes much longer than cooking the pasta that you have freshly made.
I no longer make homemade pasta very often; not because it takes too long, or because it’s not great, but because most of the time I have completely eliminated gluten from my diet. I have tried coming up with gluten free and grain free pasta recipes, but so far the closest I’ve come to a paleo pasta is the dough I used in my paleo dim sum recipe. (It actually tastes very similar to pasta, and has a similar texture once cooked, it’s just a lot more delicate to work with so it’s not as practical for making something like spaghetti.)
My logic, though, was that homemade boba tapioca pearls would cook similarly. Because they are fresh and haven’t been dehydrated, they would cook up almost immediately.
And I was right!
It took me less time to make boba tapioca pearls from scratch than it did for me to try to cook the store bought boba!
Seriously!
It’s super quick and easy to make, and it’s actually even kind of fun.
Plus it uses only 2 ingredients, tapioca starch and water, so it’s gluten free, grain free, and, thus, arguably paleo. 🙂
After me having thrown out some of his dried up, unusable playdough, my son was only too happy to help make little tapioca pearls too. Win-win!
(I may or may not have actually used his.) 😉
Wow, I’m chatty today…
Let’s get to it!
Video
Boba, aka. Tapioca Pearls, From Scratch
Instructions
- Boil the water.
- Add the tapioca starch to a bowl, followed by the boiling water. I work the water in little by little in case it isn’t all needed. Kneading with your hands is the best way to incorporate the water and make a non-sticky dough. Be careful not to burn yourself, though.
- Once you have a workable dough, the easiest way to make tapioca pearls is to roll the dough into long snakes of dough, cut them into small pieces and roll them into tiny balls.
- To cook your homemade boba, boil at least twice as much water as the volume of tapioca pearls that you are going to cook.
- Add your homemade boba to the boiling water. The boba should float to the top. When that happens, turn the heat down to medium
- You’ll notice that the boba begin to cook and get their chewy texture almost immediately. At any point after a couple of minutes, you can use the boba and they will be better than the dehydrated store bought pearls. I later found, though, that if you keep simmering until they fall back to the bottom of the pan, and then remove them, they will be more transparent once removed and allowed to steep in honey for a few minutes. (They will still be pretty opaque when you remove them from the water, but they start to become translucent once removed from the boiling water and stored in honey.)
- Remove the boba from hot water with a slotted spoon, and transfer them to a bowl with some honey. The honey will help preserve them until you are ready to use them, slightly sweeten them, and keep them from sticking to each other.
- Add them to your tea! I’ve found that they have the best texture when warm, so if you want cold bubble tea, it’s best to add them first to your glass while they are warm, and pour the cold tea over top, serving immediately!
- Enjoy!
Can you store homemade boba tapioca pearls for later?
I’ve been experimenting with different ways to store them.
Can you let them dry out and then use them later?
Yes, but you end up with the same sort of problem that can be had with store bought dehydrated tapioca pearls. It takes a lot longer to cook them, and you may end up with opaque, raw tapioca flour centers.
Can you freeze the cooked boba?
You can, but they will get opaque and hard. I found that out the hard way when I thought it was a good idea to make popsicles with boba! Some people swear that boba popsicles are great, but I can’t imagine how! I found the frozen boba to be unpalatable and hard. No more boba tea popsicles for me! (I did find one blog post that said that you had to use mini pearls in popsicles for them to stay chewy, but I found the frozen boba to be so gross that I probably won’t be giving it a try!)
If you boil them again, they will warm up and turn translucent again. The texture will come closer to the original chewy texture, but I didn’t find them to be as pleasant as the ones made from scratch and served immediately.
Can you freeze the tapioca pearl dough and form the boba later?
Freezing the dough works pretty well, but the dough can get a bit crumblier and harder to work with once it thaws than when it was freshly made. The cooked boba made from frozen dough seemed pretty much identical to the boba made fresh, so if you get sick of making boba in the middle of the process, freezing the excess dough is definitely an option. I wouldn’t personally make a big batch just to freeze it, though, as it is easy enough to make when needed, and the fresh dough is easier to work with.
Can you freeze the formed, uncooked tapioca pearls?
Yes, and I’ve found that to be the best way to make boba ahead of time and store them for later. They may not turn out exactly like the ones made from scratch, but they are pretty close.
I boil them right from frozen, and boil them a little bit longer than I normally do with freshly made tapioca pearls.
Can you color and flavor homemade boba?
So far, I’ve only tried adding in a pinch of salt and some honey to my homemade boba. They turned out well, and may have been slightly sweeter than the ones that are only soaked in honey, but I didn’t really notice much of a difference in the final outcome. The flavor didn’t really change too much.
A lot of people have asked me about how to make black boba.
So, I began to research the topic. At first, I was pretty sure that the black boba just added food coloring to the boba. That’s probably still the case with most inexpensive black boba for sale. (As you probably know by now, I’m not big about adding colorants to my homemade food, so I haven’t tried using food coloring yet.)
That said, other commenters have brought other theories…
Black sugar
Some people have told me that the difference is that the black boba use dark sugar. There is even a type of Asian sugar called “black sugar” that many have claimed is used in black boba. That said, I’m still of the belief that no matter how much dark sugar was added to the boba, it wouldn’t be enough to make them black!
They may use black sugar in the boba, but it it likely supplemented with some other colorant to make them the deep shade of black that you’re used to seeing in shops.
What does seem more plausible, is another theory offered by readers…
Activated Charcoal
It has been brought to my attention that sometimes activated charcoal is used. One reader saw a video on Facebook showing how activated charcoal was used to make black boba from scratch at a café.
Other colors…
I’ll probably try adding things like matcha or substituting the water with fruit juices in some of my next batches, and I’ll try to keep you updated on the outcome.
I’d love to hear what combinations you come up with!
Margot
Hi,
Wanna thank you for this recipe, it turned out great. Most importantly I was worried it might be time consuming but the first batch took 10min and the second only 5. Just make sure your water is boiling. My tapioca starch was granulated, not powdered, but I don’t feel like it was a problem.
Tracy Ariza
Hi Margot,
Wow- that’s interesting! I wouldn’t think that the granulated would work. I’m glad to hear that it did. 🙂
Yes, I should maybe stress how important it is that the water is boiling better! Using cool water completely changes the texture!!
Daisy
Hi Tracy! Glad to have found your blog! I’m going to make boba as topping for soy pudding (a popular dessert in Asian countries, and boba with ginger syrup is my preferred topping) and was happy I came across your method; I’ve used store-bought dried tapioca pearls in the past and they take forever to cook, so this is going to be a game-changer! (Of course we’re talking about pearl-sized tapioca; the really tiny, bead-sized ones cook reasonably faster, but still take longer relative to freshly made pearl-sized tapioca balls.)
One thing I’ve noticed with boba is that when they get hard after being stored for a while, whether on their own or in syrup, they’ll soften quite nicely after 30 seconds in the microwave, with quantity of boba at about 1/4 to 1/3 cup in a small microwavable prep bowl.
Anywho, thanks for posting your recipe which I’ll be trying very soon! 🙂
Tracy Ariza
Hi Daisy,
Good luck with it. You’ll have to watch a movie or something while you’re entertained making lots of tiny pearls! 😉
Thanks for your tip!
Jesse
To make them black like the typical Asian bubble tea drinks, maybe steep some black tea in the boiling water before you add it to the flour. Maybe this is what gives it its colour?
Tracy Ariza
Hi Jesse,
To get them very black, I think they normally use a colorant, but there are some more natural alternatives that have been suggested by people. Some people have tried with a black sugar, others with a dark infusion like you are suggesting. I think what has worked best is adding something like activated charcoal to the flour. I need to go back through the comments and look at the suggestions and will have to try them out and update the recipe. It seems that a lot of people are interested in making black boba!
Hailey
hi! what your recipe is is actually just tapioca, which is why people are interested in making them black. the typical asian boba pearls are made with brown sugar, not natural colorants.
Kat
The black In boba originally from Taiwan comes from the unrefined black sugar cooked into syrup that gets used to mix the tapioca with (black sugar – sugar molasses concoction that’s a local specialty).
Tracy Ariza
Hi Kat,
Thanks for your input. Somebody else told me that, but I looked up the color of the sugar and also the color of most “black boba” that are now commercialized. It appears that the boba are much darker than the sugar is. That makes me wonder if black boba weren’t originally made with the black sugar, but to commercialize them they probably now add colorants?
It wouldn’t be the first time that something had been changed to modernize it. (Like soy sauce was originally fermented, but now many varieties are made much differently and skip the fermentation process. They also often now add colorants to compensate for the difference in methods.)
I don’t really know- I’m just thinking out loud. 😉
I’m curious and would love to see the ingredients on a package of black boba. I’ve never seen them for sale (not even online) here in Spain. I may have to look again now that more and more things are sold online here.
Megan
I just made these and the texture is perfect, but they didn’t turn transclucent like yours. They’re like a white opaque and there are tiny bubbles.
Tracy Ariza
Hi Megan,
Interesting! Maybe it has to do with the type of tapioca starch? Or maybe it’s due to the size of the boba? Mine didn’t start getting as translucent until I put them into the honey mixture. I think they also got more opaque as they cooled off.
Ella
Do you know how long the bobas can go in honey?
-Thanks
Tracy Ariza
Hi Ella,
I just leave them there for a short period because as the boba cool down, they get too hard/rubbery. Of course, if you are serving in hot tea, they will warm up again, so you can leave them for a while and then allow them to reheat in the tea. I still find the boba best when made and served soon after having made them.
Jennifer
Taiwanese black sugar is a thing…and delicious. Also, the black coloring of some boba could also be from charcoal. (A tiny bit would likely go a long way in a small fresh batch.)
Thanks for this post! I’ll be trying some of my own very soon!
Tracy Ariza
Hi Jennifer,
That’s really interesting!
I wasn’t familiar with the Taiwanese black sugar. I’m still not sure if it would be enough to make the boba black without something else- like the charcoal you mentioned.
I hope you enjoy making it! 🙂
Sebastian
Tried this and it was so great! I actually added activated charcoal and cassava flour to lighten them up. It was so fun! They turned out perfect and black! They were a little chewy little bubble gum at first, but when I added the cassava they were perfect! Thanks so much!
Tracy Ariza
Hi Sebastian,
Awesome! I’ve had people suggesting charcoal, so it’s great to hear that it does work! I’m happy to hear you enjoyed them! 🙂
sai serrano
how much activated charcoal do you add?
SHannen
Store bought tapioca pearls need to be stirred constantly.
Michelle
I have not been able to find tapioca starch anywhere here in Mexico but have had no problem finding tapioca like to make pudding or in pies, if I grind the small pearl into a flour do you think that would works?
Tracy Ariza
Hi Michelle,
I’ve never tried it so I don’t really know if it would leave a grainy texture or not. (I’m not sure if those tapioca pearls are only tapioca starch and water.)
Have you asked using some of the other names? Here in Spain I’ve seen it referred to as “harina o almidón de mandioca,” “Harina o almidón de yuca,” etc.
If you do give it a try, I’d be really curious to hear how it turns out!
James
Let me know because we live in Mexico as well and I have seen those tapioca pearls everywhere but never the actual cornstarch for it!
Ajay
Try yucca flour it should be the same
Aletssa Soto
Hi! I think you can find it in City market ( or certainly be in Amazon)